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International trade shapes the global economy—driving innovation, expanding markets, and fostering regional development.

White upward trending bar chart with arrow in a blue circle, representing growth or progress.Yet the benefits of trade are often unevenly distributed, with certain sectors, regions, and populations facing disproportionate challenges or being left behind by globalization. At CID, our research in trade, growth, and regional economics explores how trade policies impact economic growth, competitiveness, and local livelihoods.

Faculty affiliates from across Harvard analyze global trade flows, regional disparities, and the complex dynamics of market access, tariffs, and economic integration. From examining supply chain disruptions and technology transfer to assessing the local effects of trade agreements, CID researchers are generating evidence-based insights to inform more inclusive and sustainable economic development.

 

CID Faculty Affiliates Uncovering New Insights in Trade, Growth, & Regional Economics

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Robert G. Ory Professor of Economics, Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences

Elhanan Helpman headshot

Galen L. Stone Professor of International Trade, Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences


 

Myrto Kalouptsidi headshot

Professor of Economics, Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences

Dani Rodrik headshot

Dani Rodrik

Ford Foundation Professor of International Political Economy, Harvard Kennedy School


 


 

Jie Bai headshot

Jie Bai

Associate Professor of Public Policy, Harvard Kennedy School


 

Ebehi Iyoha headshot

Assistant Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School

Meet the Harvard CID faculty affiliates advancing research in trade, growth, and regional economics to uncover how economies develop, diversify, and thrive in a globalized world.

Featured Research on Trade, Growth, & Regional Economics

CID faculty research insights look at publications by Harvard faculty that have shaped current understanding of trade, growth, and regional economics. These summaries distill complex findings into accessible takeaways for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers.


CID Faculty Publications 

Explore the latest research from CID faculty affiliates on trade, growth, and regional economics, examining how countries and regions can foster sustainable development through global integration, structural transformation, and productivity gains. These publications offer data-driven analysis on topics such as trade policy, industrialization, regional inequality, and economic diversification to support inclusive growth and effective development strategies.

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Foreign Competition and Innovation

Foreign competition can both spur and stifle domestic innovation. In a new model, high-productivity firms may invest more in R&D when facing trade pressure, while low-productivity ones may pull back—explaining why global trade shocks affect countries differently.

CID Faculty Affiliate:

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Exports in Disguise: Trade Re-Routing During the U.S.-China Trade War

Origin-specific tariffs are a common policy tool; however, critics claim that such tariffs are often circumvented by rerouting goods through intermediary countries. This study examines whether rerouting increased due to the 2018-2019 U.S.–China trade war via Vietnam.

CID Faculty Affiliates: &

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The Inverted U-Shaped Relationship between Female Entrepreneurship and Economic Development

In 114 countries, women’s entrepreneurship follows an inverted U-shaped pattern—rising with income, then falling. Female-led firms tend to be smaller, less complex, and concentrated in retail. The rate is highest where gender gaps narrow but business complexity remains low.

CID Faculty Affiliate:

Explore research from CID faculty affiliates uncovering how trade, growth, and regional economics shape global markets, development, and community prosperity.


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Reimagining the Economy goes beyond the analysis of how our current economy works (or doesn’t) to piece together new structures, governance mechanisms, and forms of market economy and capitalism.

 

The China and the Global Economy initiative advances understanding of China’s economic impact worldwide. Through research, student exchanges, and policy dialogue, we provide insights to help scholars and policymakers navigate a changing global economy.