This paper employs an updated algorithm and database for classifying exchange rate and anchor currency choice, to explore the evolution of…
Debt in emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) is at its highest level in half a century. In about nine out of 10 EMDEs, debt is…
A majority of countries neither freely float their currencies nor firmly peg. But most of the remainder in practice also don’t obey such…
We examine how much of the overall decline in employment between the beginning of 2020 and 2021 can be explained by excess job loss among…
I discuss the multifaceted economic and financial vulnerabilities that have been created or exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic on a…
Today, more than half of low-income countries eligible for relief under the Debt Service Suspension Initiative are either in debt distress…
Purpose: The use of public–private partnership (PPP) approaches for developing infrastructure has been well recognized. The allocation of…
The global COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in soaring infection rates, widespread lockdowns, record-shattering declines in output, and…
• The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented strain on public finances across developing countries. Large fiscal responses and weak…
La pandemia ha creado una contracción económica de grandes proporciones que irá seguida de una crisis financiera que tomará casi el mismo…