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Two older people sit on a bench near a beach on a clear day.
Feature: Changes in Racial Gaps in Retirement Security over Time

Douglas Elmendorf and Karen Dynan find a large wealth disparity between White and Black families nearing retirement age, and notable wealth declines for both groups between 2001 and 2019.

A man wearing a mask talks on a cell phone.
Feature: Recovering from COVID

James Stock finds that COVID-19 recovery was unprecedented in its rapid speed but still introduced or accelerated structural economic changes, including to the labor force.

Person looks at a text message on their cell phone.
Feature: Efficacy of Text Messaging in Activating Hard-to-Reach Voters

Latanya Sweeney finds that text message reminders can effectively boost engagement and registration accuracy among hard-to-reach voters.

A person reads an academic article on a laptop.
Feature: The Global Distribution of Authorship in Economics Journals

Dani Rodrik finds that Western and Northern European authors are overrepresented in economics journals by an order of magnitude compared to authors based in low-income countries.

Harvard Kennedy School faculty disseminate their research in working publications and papers that contribute to public knowledge and fuel policy innovation. This list features recent faculty publications, including journal articles, books, edited volumes, research papers, and public testimony.

Faculty Publications

Why Racial Integration and Other Policies Since Brown v. Board of Education Have Only Partially Succeeded at Narrowing the Achievement Gap.

Ferguson, Ronald. "Why Racial Integration and Other Policies Since Brown v. Board of Education Have Only Partially Succeeded at Narrowing the Achievement Gap." Achieving High Educational Standards for All: Conference Summary. Ed. Timothy Ready, Christopher Edley, and Catherine Snow. National Academy Press, 2002.

Different Approaches to Pension Reform from an Economic Point of View.

Wise, David A., and Jonathan Gruber. "Different Approaches to Pension Reform from an Economic Point of View." Social Security Pension Reform in Europe. Ed. Martin Feldstein and Horst Siebert. University of Chicago Press, 2002.

The Sources of Cost Difference in Health Insurance Plans: A Decomposition Analysis.

Wise, David A., Matthew Eichner, and Mark McClellan. "The Sources of Cost Difference in Health Insurance Plans: A Decomposition Analysis." Frontiers in the Economics of Aging. Ed. David A. Wise. University of Chicago Press, 2002.

Behavioral Perceptions and Policies Toward the Environment.

Zeckhauser, Richard, and Anthony Patt. "Behavioral Perceptions and Policies Toward the Environment." Judgments, Decisions, and Public Policy. Ed. Rajeev Gowda and Jeffrey C. Fox. Cambridge University Press, 2002, 265-302.

Political Competition and Debt Trajectories in Japan and the OECD.

Zeckhauser, Richard, and David Skilling. "Political Competition and Debt Trajectories in Japan and the OECD." Japan and the World Economy 14 (2002): 121-135.

Horizon Length and Portfolio Risk.

Zeckhauser, Richard, and Christian Gollier. "Horizon Length and Portfolio Risk." Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 24.3 (2002): 195-212.

High Stakes Decision Making: Normative, Descriptive, and Prescriptive Considerations.

Zeckhauser, Richard, Howard Kunreuther, Robert Meyer, et al. "High Stakes Decision Making: Normative, Descriptive, and Prescriptive Considerations." Marketing Letters 13.3 (2002): 259-268.

Government Contracting for Health Care.

Eggleston, Karen, and Richard Zeckhauser. "Government Contracting for Health Care." Market-Based Governance: Supply Side, Demand Side, Upside and Downside. Ed. John D. Donahue and Joseph S. Nye, Jr. Brookings Institution, 2002, 29-65.

Trust Among Strangers in Internet Transactions: Empirical Analysis of eBay's Reputation System.

Zeckhauser, Richard, and Paul Resnick. "Trust Among Strangers in Internet Transactions: Empirical Analysis of eBay's Reputation System." The Economics of the Internet and E-Commerce. Ed. M. R. Baye. Elsevier Science, 2002, 127-157.

Getting the Bill

Gergen, David. "Getting the Bill." Review of The Natural: The Misunderstood Presidency of Bill Clinton, by Joe Klein. Boston Globe, March 3, 2002.

Brookings Trade Forum: 2001

Collins, Susan M., and Dani Rodrik, eds. Brookings Trade Forum: 2001. Brookings Institution, 2002.

Immigration and the Family.

Borjas, George, and Stephen G. Bronars. "Immigration and the Family." The Economics of Migration (Vol. I). Ed. Klaus F. Zimmermanm and Thomas K. Bauer. Edward Elgar, 2002.

Assimilation, Changes in Cohort Quality, and the Earnings of Immigrants

Borjas, George. "Assimilation, Changes in Cohort Quality, and the Earnings of Immigrants." The Economics of Migration (Vol. II). Ed. Klaus F. Zimmermann and Thomas K. Bauer. Edward Elgar, 2002.

Self-Selection and the Earnings of Immigrants.

Borjas, George. "Self-Selection and the Earnings of Immigrants." The Economics of Migration (Vol. II). Ed. Klaus F. Zimmermann and Thomas K. Bauer. Edward Elgar, 2002.

The Self-Employment Experience of Immigrants.

Borjas, George. "The Self-Employment Experience of Immigrants." The Economics of Migration (Vol. III). Ed. Klaus F. Zimmermann and Thomas K. Bauer. Edward Elgar, 2002.

Immigrant Participation in the Welfare System.

Borjas, George, and Stephen J. Trejo. "Immigrant Participation in the Welfare System." The Economics of Migration (Vol. III). Ed. Klaus F. Zimmermann and Thomas K. Bauer. Edward Elgar, 2002.

Immigration and the Welfare State: Immigrant Participation in Means-tested Entitlement Programs.

Borjas, George, and Lynette Hilton. "Immigration and the Welfare State: Immigrant Participation in Means-tested Entitlement Programs." The Economics of Migration (Vol. III). Ed. Klaus F. Zimmermann and Thomas K. Bauer. Edward Elgar, 2002, 408-437.

The Intergenerational Mobility of Immigrants.

Borjas, George. "The Intergenerational Mobility of Immigrants." The Economics of Migration (Vol. III). Ed. Klaus F. Zimmermann and Thomas K. Bauer. Edward Elgar, 2002.

The Redesign of the International Financial Architecture from a Latin American Perspective: Who Pays the Bills?

Fernández-Arias, Eduardo, and Ricardo Hausmann. "The Redesign of the International Financial Architecture from a Latin American Perspective: Who Pays the Bills?" Debating the Global Financial Architecture. Ed. Leslie Elliott Armijo. SUNY-Albany Press, 2002.

Original Sin, Passthrough, and Fear of Floating.

Hausmann, Ricardo, Ugo Panizza, and Ernesto Stein. "Original Sin, Passthrough, and Fear of Floating." Financial Policies in Emerging Markets. Ed. Mario I. Blejer and Marko Skreb. MIT Press, 2002.

Hard Money's Soft Underbelly: Understanding the Argentine Crisis.

Hausmann, Ricardo, and Andrés Velasco. "Hard Money's Soft Underbelly: Understanding the Argentine Crisis." Brookings Trade Forum. .Brookings Institution, 2002.

Globalization and the Informal Economy: How Global Trade and Investment Impact on the Working Poor.

Chen, Martha, and Marilyn Carr. "Globalization and the Informal Economy: How Global Trade and Investment Impact on the Working Poor." Employment Sector, International Labour Office, Geneva, Working Paper No. 1, 2002.

Associations and Non-Market Coordination in Banking: France and Eastern Germany Compared.

Culpepper, Pepper D. "Associations and Non-Market Coordination in Banking: France and Eastern Germany Compared." European Journal of Industrial Relations 8.2 (2002): 217-235.

Bewitching Land: the Role of Land Disputes in Converting Kin to Strangers and in Class Formation in Malawi.

Peters, Pauline E. "Bewitching Land: the Role of Land Disputes in Converting Kin to Strangers and in Class Formation in Malawi." Journal of Southern African Studies 28.1 (2002): 155-178.

Instrumental Variables Estimates of the Effect of Subsidized Training on the Quantiles of Trainee Earnings.

Abadie, Alberto, Joshua Angrist, and Guido W. Imbens. "Instrumental Variables Estimates of the Effect of Subsidized Training on the Quantiles of Trainee Earnings." Econometrica 70.1 (2002): 91-117.

Bootstrap Tests for Distributional Treatment Effects in Instrumental Variable Models.

Abadie, Alberto. "Bootstrap Tests for Distributional Treatment Effects in Instrumental Variable Models." Journal of the American Statistical Association 97 (2002): 284-292.

Causal Inference.

Abadie, Alberto. "Causal Inference." Encyclopedia of Social Measurement, 2002.

Implementing Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects in STATA.

Abadie, Alberto, David Drukker, Jane Leber Herr, and Guido W. Imbens. “Implementing Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects in STATA.” Working Paper, 2002.

“Diversity, Assimilation, and Survival.”

Blake, Michael. “Diversity, Assimilation, and Survival.” Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues 12.2 (2002): 637-660.

“Toleration and Reciprocity: Commentary on Martha Nussbaum and Henry Shue.”

Blake, Michael. “Toleration and Reciprocity: Commentary on Martha Nussbaum and Henry Shue.” Politics, Economics, and Philosophy 1.3 (2002): 325-335.

“Recursos Públicos y Educación en los Años Noventa.”

Borjas, George and Olga Lucía Acosta. “Recursos Públicos y Educación en los Años Noventa.” Reformas Institucionales en Colombia. Ed. Alberto Alesina. Alfaomega Grupo Editor, 2002, 169-199.

“Immigrazione Qualificata e Ricongiungimento Familiare: l’experienza degli Stati Uniti.”

Borjas, George. “Immigrazione Qualificata e Ricongiungimento Familiare: l’experienza degli Stati Uniti.” Conflitti, Migrazioni e Diritti dell’Uomo. Ed. Maurice Aymard and Fabrizio Barca. Rubbettino Editore, 2002, 213-221.

“Winning the Best and Brightest: Increasing the Attractiveness of Public Service.”

Chetkovich, Carol. “Winning the Best and Brightest: Increasing the Attractiveness of Public Service.” Human Capital 2002. Ed. Mark A. Abramson and Nicole Willenz Gardner. Rowman, 2002.

“The Architecture of Accountability.”

Donahue, John D. “The Architecture of Accountability.” Market-Based Governance: Supply Side, Demand Side, Upside and Downside. Ed. John D. Donahue and Joseph S. Nye, Jr. Brookings Institution, July 2002.

The Clinton Legacy for America's Poor.

Ellwood, David, and Rebecca Blank. "The Clinton Legacy for America's Poor." American Economic Policy in the 1990s. Ed. Jeffrey A. Frankel and Peter R. Orszag. MIT Press, 2002.

American Economic Policy in the 1990s

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Peter R. Orszag, eds. American Economic Policy in the 1990s. MIT Press, 2002.

Preventing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Sebastian Edwards, eds. Preventing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets. University of Chicago Press, 2002.

Survey Data on Exchange Rate Expectations: More Currencies, More Horizons, More Tests.

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Menzie Chinn. "Survey Data on Exchange Rate Expectations: More Currencies, More Horizons, More Tests." Monetary Policy, Capital Flows and Financial Market Developments in the Era of Financial Globalisation: Essays in Honour of Max Fry. Ed. David Dickinson and William Allen. Routledge, 2002.

On Being Nonprofit: A Conceptual and Policy Primer

Frumkin, Peter. On Being Nonprofit: A Conceptual and Policy Primer. Harvard University Press, 2002.

“The Problem of Public Jobs.”

Donahue, John D. “The Problem of Public Jobs.” Market-Based Governance: Supply Side, Demand Side, Upside and Downside. Ed. John D. Donahue and Joseph S. Nye, Jr. Brookings Institution, July 2002.

Patterns in Exchange Rate Forecasts for 25 Currencies.

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Menzie Chinn. "Patterns in Exchange Rate Forecasts for 25 Currencies." New Developments in Exchange Rate Economics. Ed. Lucio Sarno and Mark Taylor. Edward Elgar, 2002.

Chartists, Fundamentalists, and Trading in the Foreign Exchange Market.

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Ken Froot. "Chartists, Fundamentalists, and Trading in the Foreign Exchange Market." Speculation and Financial Markets. Ed. Mark Taylor and Liam Gallagher. Edward Elgar, 2002.

Chartists, Fundamentalists, and Trading in the Foreign Exchange Market.

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Ken Froot. "Chartists, Fundamentalists, and Trading in the Foreign Exchange Market." New Developments in Exchange Rate Economics. Ed. Luico Sarno and Mark Taylor. Edward Elgar, 2002.

Forward Discount Bias: Is it an Exchange Risk Premium?

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Ken Froot. "Forward Discount Bias: Is it an Exchange Risk Premium?" Speculation and Financial Markets. Ed. Mark Taylor and Liam Gallagher. Elgar, 2002.

“Making Social Markets: Dispersed Governance and Corporate Accountability.”

Fung, Archon. “Making Social Markets: Dispersed Governance and Corporate Accountability.” Market-Based Governance: Supply Side, Demand Side, Upside and Downside. Ed. John D. Donahue and Joseph S. Nye, Jr. Brookings Institution, 2002.

Putting Faith In Neighborhoods: Making Cities Work Through Grassroots Citizenship

Goldsmith, Stephen. Putting Faith In Neighborhoods: Making Cities Work Through Grassroots Citizenship. Hudson Institute, 2002.

“Private Technological Capabilities as Products of National Innovation Systems: Four Ways of Looking at the State.”

Hart, David. “Private Technological Capabilities as Products of National Innovation Systems: Four Ways of Looking at the State.” Science and Public Policy 29 (2002): 181-188.

High-Tech Learns to Play the Washington Game, or the Political Education of Bill Gates and Other Nerds.

Hart, David. "High-Tech Learns to Play the Washington Game, or the Political Education of Bill Gates and Other Nerds." Interest Group Politics, 6th Edition. Ed. Allan J. Cigler and Burdett Loomis. CQ, 2002, 293-312.

Return of the Gadfly

Hart, David. "Return of the Gadfly." Review of Science, Money, and Politics: Political Triumph and Ethical Erosion, by Daniel S. Greenberg. Issues in Science and Technology, Winter 2001-2002: 89-93.

Review of Inventing the Electronic Century: The Epic Story of the Computer and Consumer Electronics Industries

Hart, David. Review of Inventing the Electronic Century: The Epic Story of the Computer and Consumer Electronics Industries, by Alfred D. Chandler. American Scientist, January-February 2002.